Edward N Pugh Jr

Title(s)Professor, MED: Physiology & Membrane Biol
SchoolSchool of Medicine
Address3301 Tupper Hall
CA 95616
Phone530-752-1468
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    Other Positions
    Title(s)Professor, MED: Cell Biology & Human Anat

    Title(s)Professor, MED: Eye Center


    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    Translocation of soluble proteins in rod photoreceptors
    NIH/NEI R01EY016453Jun 1, 2005 - May 31, 2010
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Nanomedicine:Supra-molecular cellular compartments (RMI)
    NIH/NEI PN1EY016555Sep 30, 2004 - Mar 31, 2005
    Role: Principal Investigator
    PHENOTYPING THE MOUSE VISUAL SYSTEM
    NIH/NEI R01EY013074Sep 7, 2000 - Aug 31, 2004
    Role: Principal Investigator
    POLARIZATION CONTRAST: A NEW KIND OF VERTEBRATE VISION
    NIH/NEI R01EY008206Jul 1, 1989 - Jun 30, 1993
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Mechanisms of Visual Transduction
    NIH/NEI R01EY002660Aug 1, 1978 - Feb 28, 2022
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Human cone elongation responses can be explained by photoactivated cone opsin and membrane swelling and osmotic response to phosphate produced by RGS9-catalyzed GTPase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 09 27; 119(39):e2202485119. Pandiyan VP, Nguyen PT, Pugh EN, Sabesan R. PMID: 36122241; PMCID: PMC9522364.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    2. In vivo multimodal retinal imaging of disease-related pigmentary changes in retinal pigment epithelium. Sci Rep. 2021 08 10; 11(1):16252. Meleppat RK, Ronning KE, Karlen SJ, Burns ME, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 34376700; PMCID: PMC8355111.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    3. Loss of the K+ channel Kv2.1 greatly reduces outward dark current and causes ionic dysregulation and degeneration in rod photoreceptors. J Gen Physiol. 2021 02 01; 153(2). Fortenbach C, Peinado Allina G, Shores CM, Karlen SJ, Miller EB, Bishop H, Trimmer JS, Burns ME, Pugh EN. PMID: 33502442; PMCID: PMC7845921.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    4. In Situ Morphologic and Spectral Characterization of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Organelles in Mice Using Multicolor Confocal Fluorescence Imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020 11 02; 61(13):1. Meleppat RK, Ronning KE, Karlen SJ, Kothandath KK, Burns ME, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 33137194; PMCID: PMC7645167.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    5. Measurement of Diurnal Variation in Rod Outer Segment Length In Vivo in Mice With the OCT Optoretinogram. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020 03 09; 61(3):9. Zhang P, Shibata B, Peinado G, Zawadzki RJ, FitzGerald P, Pugh EN. PMID: 32176260; PMCID: PMC7401691.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    6. Temporal speckle-averaging of optical coherence tomography volumes for in-vivo cellular resolution neuronal and vascular retinal imaging. Neurophotonics. 2019 Oct; 6(4):041105. Zhang P, Miller EB, Manna SK, Meleppat RK, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 31528657; PMCID: PMC6732665.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22  
    7. In vivo imaging reveals transient microglia recruitment and functional recovery of photoreceptor signaling after injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 08 13; 116(33):16603-16612. Miller EB, Zhang P, Ching K, Pugh EN, Burns ME. PMID: 31350349; PMCID: PMC6697899.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 40     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    8. The mechanism of photon-like dark noise in rod photoreceptors. J Gen Physiol. 2019 Jul 01; 151(7):875-877. Pugh EN. PMID: 31171571; PMCID: PMC6605688.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    9. Directional optical coherence tomography reveals melanin concentration-dependent scattering properties of retinal pigment epithelium. J Biomed Opt. 2019 06; 24(6):1-10. Meleppat RK, Zhang P, Ju MJ, Manna SK, Jian Y, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 31254332; PMCID: PMC6977406.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 28     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    10. Aperture phase modulation with adaptive optics: a novel approach for speckle reduction and structure extraction in optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express. 2019 Feb 01; 10(2):552-570. Zhang P, Manna SK, Miller EB, Jian Y, Meleppat RK, Sarunic MV, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 30800499; PMCID: PMC6377907.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10  
    11. Novel window for cancer nanotheranostics: non-invasive ocular assessments of tumor growth and nanotherapeutic treatment efficacy in vivo. Biomed Opt Express. 2019 Jan 01; 10(1):151-166. Goswami M, Wang X, Zhang P, Xiao W, Karlen SJ, Li Y, Zawadzki RJ, Burns ME, Lam KS, Pugh EN. PMID: 30775090; PMCID: PMC6363190.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4  
    12. Effect of a contact lens on mouse retinal in vivo imaging: Effective focal length changes and monochromatic aberrations. Exp Eye Res. 2018 07; 172:86-93. Zhang P, Mocci J, Wahl DJ, Meleppat RK, Manna SK, Quintavalla M, Muradore R, Sarunic MV, Bonora S, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 29604280; PMCID: PMC6417837.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    13. Loss of cone function without degeneration in a novel Gnat2 knock-out mouse. Exp Eye Res. 2018 06; 171:111-118. Ronning KE, Allina GP, Miller EB, Zawadzki RJ, Pugh EN, Herrmann R, Burns ME. PMID: 29518352; PMCID: PMC5987249.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    14. The discovery of the ability of rod photoreceptors to signal single photons. J Gen Physiol. 2018 03 05; 150(3):383-388. Pugh EN. PMID: 29467164; PMCID: PMC5839725.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    15. Photoreceptor Layer Thickness Changes During Dark Adaptation Observed With Ultrahigh-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017 09 01; 58(11):4632-4643. Lu CD, Lee B, Schottenhamml J, Maier A, Pugh EN, Fujimoto JG. PMID: 28898357; PMCID: PMC5596796.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 42     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    16. Rapid monocyte infiltration following retinal detachment is dependent on non-canonical IL6 signaling through gp130. J Neuroinflammation. 2017 06 23; 14(1):121. Wang X, Miller EB, Goswami M, Zhang P, Ronning KE, Karlen SJ, Zawadzki RJ, Pugh EN, Burns ME. PMID: 28645275; PMCID: PMC5481880.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    17. In vivo optophysiology reveals that G-protein activation triggers osmotic swelling and increased light scattering of rod photoreceptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 04 04; 114(14):E2937-E2946. Zhang P, Zawadzki RJ, Goswami M, Nguyen PT, Yarov-Yarovoy V, Burns ME, Pugh EN. PMID: 28320964; PMCID: PMC5389324.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 77     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    18. Bright flash response recovery of mammalian rods in vivo is rate limited by RGS9. J Gen Physiol. 2017 Apr 03; 149(4):443-454. Peinado Allina G, Fortenbach C, Naarendorp F, Gross OP, Pugh EN, Burns ME. PMID: 28302678; PMCID: PMC5379920.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    19. The Photosensitivity of Rhodopsin Bleaching and Light-Induced Increases of Fundus Reflectance in Mice Measured In Vivo With Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 07 01; 57(8):3650-64. Zhang P, Goswami M, Zawadzki RJ, Pugh EN. PMID: 27403994; PMCID: PMC4959838.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    20. New Developments in Murine Imaging for Assessing Photoreceptor Degeneration In Vivo. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016; 854:269-75. Burns ME, Levine ES, Miller EB, Zam A, Zhang P, Zawadzki RJ, Pugh EN. PMID: 26427421; PMCID: PMC4603285.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    21. Effect of scanning beam size on the lateral resolution of mouse retinal imaging with SLO. Opt Lett. 2015 Dec 15; 40(24):5830-3. Zhang P, Goswami M, Zam A, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 26670523; PMCID: PMC4915368.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    22. Photoreceptor disc morphogenesis: The classical evagination model prevails. J Cell Biol. 2015 Nov 09; 211(3):491-3. Pugh EN. PMID: 26527745; PMCID: PMC4639855.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    23. Wavefront correction and high-resolution in vivo OCT imaging with an objective integrated multi-actuator adaptive lens. Opt Express. 2015 Aug 24; 23(17):21931-41. Bonora S, Jian Y, Zhang P, Zam A, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ, Sarunic MV. PMID: 26368169; PMCID: PMC4646522.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    24. Adaptive-optics SLO imaging combined with widefield OCT and SLO enables precise 3D localization of fluorescent cells in the mouse retina. Biomed Opt Express. 2015 Jun 01; 6(6):2191-210. Zawadzki RJ, Zhang P, Zam A, Miller EB, Goswami M, Wang X, Jonnal RS, Lee SH, Kim DY, Flannery JG, Werner JS, Burns ME, Pugh EN. PMID: 26114038; PMCID: PMC4473753.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 34  
    25. cGMP in mouse rods: the spatiotemporal dynamics underlying single photon responses. Front Mol Neurosci. 2015; 8:6. Gross OP, Pugh EN, Burns ME. PMID: 25788876; PMCID: PMC4349151.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16  
    26. In vivo wide-field multispectral scanning laser ophthalmoscopy-optical coherence tomography mouse retinal imager: longitudinal imaging of ganglion cells, microglia, and Müller glia, and mapping of the mouse retinal and choroidal vasculature. J Biomed Opt. 2015; 20(12):126005. Zhang P, Zam A, Jian Y, Wang X, Li Y, Lam KS, Burns ME, Sarunic MV, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ. PMID: 26677070; PMCID: PMC4681314.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 51     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    27. Genetic deletion of S-opsin prevents rapid cone degeneration in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis. Hum Mol Genet. 2015 Mar 15; 24(6):1755-63. Zhang T, Enemchukwu NO, Jones A, Wang S, Dennis E, Watt CB, Pugh EN, Fu Y. PMID: 25416279; PMCID: PMC4351380.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    28. Rapid light-induced activation of retinal microglia in mice lacking Arrestin-1. Vision Res. 2014 Sep; 102:71-9. Levine ES, Zam A, Zhang P, Pechko A, Wang X, FitzGerald P, Pugh EN, Zawadzki RJ, Burns ME. PMID: 25091460; PMCID: PMC4162662.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    29. Rhodopsin in the rod surface membrane regenerates more rapidly than bulk rhodopsin in the disc membranes in vivo. J Physiol. 2014 Jul 01; 592(13):2785-97. Kessler C, Tillman M, Burns ME, Pugh EN. PMID: 24801306; PMCID: PMC4221820.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    30. Regulation of rhodopsin-eGFP distribution in transgenic xenopus rod outer segments by light. PLoS One. 2013; 8(11):e80059. Haeri M, Calvert PD, Solessio E, Pugh EN, Knox BE. PMID: 24260336; PMCID: PMC3829889.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    31. Embracing the principles of the San Francisco Declaration of Research Assessment: Robert Balaban's editorial. J Gen Physiol. 2013 Sep; 142(3):175. Pugh EN, Gordon SE. PMID: 23980189; PMCID: PMC3753606.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    32. Spotlight summary: quantitative fundus autofluorescence and A2E increase with aging in wild-type and "Stargardt" mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Apr 23; 54(4):2991. Zawadzki R, Pugh EN. PMID: 23612484; PMCID: PMC6996591.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    33. Cones respond to light in the absence of transducin β subunit. J Neurosci. 2013 Mar 20; 33(12):5182-94. Nikonov SS, Lyubarsky A, Fina ME, Nikonova ES, Sengupta A, Chinniah C, Ding XQ, Smith RG, Pugh EN, Vardi N, Dhingra A. PMID: 23516284; PMCID: PMC3866503.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    34. Scanning laser ophthalmoscope measurement of local fundus reflectance and autofluorescence changes arising from rhodopsin bleaching and regeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Mar 01; 54(3):2048-59. Morgan JI, Pugh EN. PMID: 23412087; PMCID: PMC3621503.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 20     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. Introducing the viewpoint. J Gen Physiol. 2012 Dec; 140(6):579. Pugh EN. PMID: 23183691; PMCID: PMC3514731.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    
    36. Calcium feedback to cGMP synthesis strongly attenuates single-photon responses driven by long rhodopsin lifetimes. Neuron. 2012 Oct 18; 76(2):370-82. Gross OP, Pugh EN, Burns ME. PMID: 23083739; PMCID: PMC3594095.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 40     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    37. An S-opsin knock-in mouse (F81Y) reveals a role for the native ligand 11-cis-retinal in cone opsin biosynthesis. J Neurosci. 2012 Jun 06; 32(23):8094-104. Insinna C, Daniele LL, Davis JA, Larsen DD, Kuemmel C, Wang J, Nikonov SS, Knox BE, Pugh EN. PMID: 22674284; PMCID: PMC3381355.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 15     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    38. Perspectives on: SGP symposium on mitochondrial physiology and medicine: mitochondria take center stage. J Gen Physiol. 2012 Jun; 139(6):391-3. Sheu SS, Dirksen RT, Pugh EN. PMID: 22641633; PMCID: PMC3362527.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    39. Spatiotemporal cGMP dynamics in living mouse rods. Biophys J. 2012 Apr 18; 102(8):1775-84. Gross OP, Pugh EN, Burns ME. PMID: 22768933; PMCID: PMC3328695.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 29     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    40. The 65th Symposium of the Society for General Physiologists: energizing research in mitochondrial physiology and medicine. J Gen Physiol. 2011 Dec; 138(6):563-7. Sheu SS, Dirksen RT, Pugh EN. PMID: 22124113; PMCID: PMC3226972.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    41. Redefining our menu: communications and reviews. J Gen Physiol. 2011 Aug; 138(2):131. Pugh EN. PMID: 21788608; PMCID: PMC3149441.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    
    42. The 64th Symposium of the Society for General Physiologists: optogenetics and superresolution microscopy take center stage. J Gen Physiol. 2011 Jul; 138(1):1-11. Ellis-Davies GC, Pugh EN. PMID: 21708951; PMCID: PMC3135327.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    43. Good scientists do reach and hold divergent views on important issues. J Gen Physiol. 2011 Mar; 137(3):253. Pugh EN. PMID: 21357731; PMCID: PMC3047605.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    44. A mouse M-opsin monochromat: retinal cone photoreceptors have increased M-opsin expression when S-opsin is knocked out. Vision Res. 2011 Feb 23; 51(4):447-58. Daniele LL, Insinna C, Chance R, Wang J, Nikonov SS, Pugh EN. PMID: 21219924; PMCID: PMC3072795.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    45. We were there... J Gen Physiol. 2010 Nov; 136(5):495. Pugh EN. PMID: 20974770; PMCID: PMC2964518.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    46. Dark light, rod saturation, and the absolute and incremental sensitivity of mouse cone vision. J Neurosci. 2010 Sep 15; 30(37):12495-507. Naarendorp F, Esdaille TM, Banden SM, Andrews-Labenski J, Gross OP, Pugh EN. PMID: 20844144; PMCID: PMC3423338.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 93     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    47. Emerging questions about the macromolecular machines of muscle. J Gen Physiol. 2010 Jul; 136(1):3-5. Dirksen RT, Pugh EN. PMID: 20584886; PMCID: PMC2894551.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    48. Lessons from photoreceptors: turning off g-protein signaling in living cells. Physiology (Bethesda). 2010 Apr; 25(2):72-84. Burns ME, Pugh EN. PMID: 20430952; PMCID: PMC2880230.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 50     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    49. Type 3 deiodinase, a thyroid-hormone-inactivating enzyme, controls survival and maturation of cone photoreceptors. J Neurosci. 2010 Mar 03; 30(9):3347-57. Ng L, Lyubarsky A, Nikonov SS, Ma M, Srinivas M, Kefas B, St Germain DL, Hernandez A, Pugh EN, Forrest D. PMID: 20203194; PMCID: PMC2843520.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 70     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    50. Diffusion of a soluble protein, photoactivatable GFP, through a sensory cilium. J Gen Physiol. 2010 Mar; 135(3):173-96. Calvert PD, Schiesser WE, Pugh EN. PMID: 20176852; PMCID: PMC2828910.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 50     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    51. Enlisting young physiologists. J Gen Physiol. 2009 Dec; 134(6):451-2. Pugh EN. PMID: 19948996; PMCID: PMC2806425.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    52. RGS9 concentration matters in rod phototransduction. Biophys J. 2009 Sep 16; 97(6):1538-47. Burns ME, Pugh EN. PMID: 19751658; PMCID: PMC2749774.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 33     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    53. Loss of the metalloprotease ADAM9 leads to cone-rod dystrophy in humans and retinal degeneration in mice. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 May; 84(5):683-91. Parry DA, Toomes C, Bida L, Danciger M, Towns KV, McKibbin M, Jacobson SG, Logan CV, Ali M, Bond J, Chance R, Swendeman S, Daniele LL, Springell K, Adams M, Johnson CA, Booth AP, Jafri H, Rashid Y, Banin E, Strom TM, Farber DB, Sharon D, Blobel CP, Pugh EN, Pierce EA, Inglehearn CF. PMID: 19409519; PMCID: PMC2681008.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 42     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    54. Kudos to reviewers for the JGP: you make our science better. J Gen Physiol. 2009 Feb; 133(2):129-30. Pugh EN. PMID: 19171768; PMCID: PMC2638203.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    55. Mouse cones require an arrestin for normal inactivation of phototransduction. Neuron. 2008 Aug 14; 59(3):462-74. Nikonov SS, Brown BM, Davis JA, Zuniga FI, Bragin A, Pugh EN, Craft CM. PMID: 18701071; PMCID: PMC2610856.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 96     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    56. Altered visual function in monocarboxylate transporter 3 (Slc16a8) knockout mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2008 Aug; 295(2):C451-7. Daniele LL, Sauer B, Gallagher SM, Pugh EN, Philp NJ. PMID: 18524945; PMCID: PMC2518420.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 43     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Models and mechanistic insight. J Gen Physiol. 2008 Jun; 131(6):515-9. Pugh EN, Andersen OS. PMID: 18504312; PMCID: PMC2391249.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    58. Safety and efficacy of gene transfer for Leber's congenital amaurosis. N Engl J Med. 2008 May 22; 358(21):2240-8. Maguire AM, Simonelli F, Pierce EA, Pugh EN, Mingozzi F, Bennicelli J, Banfi S, Marshall KA, Testa F, Surace EM, Rossi S, Lyubarsky A, Arruda VR, Konkle B, Stone E, Sun J, Jacobs J, Dell'Osso L, Hertle R, Ma JX, Redmond TM, Zhu X, Hauck B, Zelenaia O, Shindler KS, Maguire MG, Wright JF, Volpe NJ, McDonnell JW, Auricchio A, High KA, Bennett J. PMID: 18441370; PMCID: PMC2829748.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1032     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsCTClinical Trials
    59. Nrl-knockout mice deficient in Rpe65 fail to synthesize 11-cis retinal and cone outer segments. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 Mar; 49(3):1126-35. Feathers KL, Lyubarsky AL, Khan NW, Teofilo K, Swaroop A, Williams DS, Pugh EN, Thompson DA. PMID: 18326740; PMCID: PMC4505835.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 27     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    60. Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 Dec; 8(12):960-76. Lamb TD, Collin SP, Pugh EN. PMID: 18026166; PMCID: PMC3143066.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 180     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    61. Novel distribution of junctional adhesion molecule-C in the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium. J Comp Neurol. 2007 Nov 10; 505(2):166-76. Daniele LL, Adams RH, Durante DE, Pugh EN, Philp NJ. PMID: 17853450; PMCID: PMC3144860.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 34     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    62. The proteome of the mouse photoreceptor sensory cilium complex. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2007 Aug; 6(8):1299-317. Liu Q, Tan G, Levenkova N, Li T, Pugh EN, Rux JJ, Speicher DW, Pierce EA. PMID: 17494944; PMCID: PMC2128741.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 219     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    63. Fluorescence relaxation in 3D from diffraction-limited sources of PAGFP or sinks of EGFP created by multiphoton photoconversion. J Microsc. 2007 Jan; 225(Pt 1):49-71. Calvert PD, Peet JA, Bragin A, Schiesser WE, Pugh EN. PMID: 17286695.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    64. Phototransduction, dark adaptation, and rhodopsin regeneration the proctor lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Dec; 47(12):5137-52. Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 17122096.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 123     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    65. Light-driven translocation of signaling proteins in vertebrate photoreceptors. Trends Cell Biol. 2006 Nov; 16(11):560-8. Calvert PD, Strissel KJ, Schiesser WE, Pugh EN, Arshavsky VY. PMID: 16996267.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 143     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    66. Polarization-based and specular-reflection-based noncontact latent fingerprint imaging and lifting. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2006 Sep; 23(9):2137-53. Lin SS, Yemelyanov KM, Pugh EN, Engheta N. PMID: 16912740.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    67. RGS expression level precisely regulates the duration of rod photoresponses. Neuron. 2006 Aug 17; 51(4):391-3. Pugh EN. PMID: 16908403.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    68. Separation and contrast enhancement of overlapping cast shadow components using polarization. Opt Express. 2006 Aug 07; 14(16):7099-108. Lin SS, Yemelyanov KM, Pugh EN, Engheta N. PMID: 19529081.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    69. Adaptive algorithms for two-channel polarization sensing under various polarization statistics with nonuniform distributions. Appl Opt. 2006 Aug 01; 45(22):5504-20. Yemelyanov KM, Lin SS, Pugh EN, Engheta N. PMID: 16855649.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    
    70. Physiological features of the S- and M-cone photoreceptors of wild-type mice from single-cell recordings. J Gen Physiol. 2006 Apr; 127(4):359-74. Nikonov SS, Kholodenko R, Lem J, Pugh EN. PMID: 16567464; PMCID: PMC2151510.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 208     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    71. The distribution, concentration, and toxicity of enhanced green fluorescent protein in retinal cells after genomic or somatic (virus-mediated) gene transfer. Mol Vis. 2005 Dec 30; 11:1236-45. Rex TS, Peet JA, Surace EM, Calvert PD, Nikonov SS, Lyubarsky AL, Bendo E, Hughes T, Pugh EN, Bennett J. PMID: 16402024.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    72. Neuroimaging the retina. Vision Res. 2005 Dec; 45(28):3431. Pugh EN, Baehr W, Zrenner E. PMID: 16289207.
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    73. Mole quantity of RPE65 and its productivity in the generation of 11-cis-retinal from retinyl esters in the living mouse eye. Biochemistry. 2005 Jul 26; 44(29):9880-8. Lyubarsky AL, Savchenko AB, Morocco SB, Daniele LL, Redmond TM, Pugh EN. PMID: 16026160.
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    74. The retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) enhances isomerohydrolase activity independent of light. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 19; 280(33):29874-84. Wenzel A, Oberhauser V, Pugh EN, Lamb TD, Grimm C, Samardzija M, Fahl E, Seeliger MW, Remé CE, von Lintig J. PMID: 15961402.
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    75. Cone-like morphological, molecular, and electrophysiological features of the photoreceptors of the Nrl knockout mouse. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jun; 46(6):2156-67. Daniele LL, Lillo C, Lyubarsky AL, Nikonov SS, Philp N, Mears AJ, Swaroop A, Williams DS, Pugh EN. PMID: 15914637; PMCID: PMC4505833.
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    76. Photoreceptors of Nrl -/- mice coexpress functional S- and M-cone opsins having distinct inactivation mechanisms. J Gen Physiol. 2005 Mar; 125(3):287-304. Nikonov SS, Daniele LL, Zhu X, Craft CM, Swaroop A, Pugh EN. PMID: 15738050; PMCID: PMC2234018.
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    77. From candelas to photoisomerizations in the mouse eye by rhodopsin bleaching in situ and the light-rearing dependence of the major components of the mouse ERG. Vision Res. 2004 Dec; 44(28):3235-51. Lyubarsky AL, Daniele LL, Pugh EN. PMID: 15535992.
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    78. Deficiency of Bax and Bak protects photoreceptors from light damage in vivo. Cell Death Differ. 2004 Nov; 11(11):1192-7. Hahn P, Lindsten T, Lyubarsky A, Ying GS, Pugh EN, Thompson CB, Dunaief JL. PMID: 15272317.
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    79. Quantification of the cytoplasmic spaces of living cells with EGFP reveals arrestin-EGFP to be in disequilibrium in dark adapted rod photoreceptors. J Cell Sci. 2004 Jun 15; 117(Pt 14):3049-59. Peet JA, Bragin A, Calvert PD, Nikonov SS, Mani S, Zhao X, Besharse JC, Pierce EA, Knox BE, Pugh EN. PMID: 15197244.
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    80. Dark adaptation and the retinoid cycle of vision. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004 May; 23(3):307-80. Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 15177205.
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    81. In utero gene therapy rescues vision in a murine model of congenital blindness. Mol Ther. 2004 Feb; 9(2):182-8. Dejneka NS, Surace EM, Aleman TS, Cideciyan AV, Lyubarsky A, Savchenko A, Redmond TM, Tang W, Wei Z, Rex TS, Glover E, Maguire AM, Pugh EN, Jacobson SG, Bennett J. PMID: 14759802.
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    82. RP1 is required for the correct stacking of outer segment discs. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003 Oct; 44(10):4171-83. Liu Q, Lyubarsky A, Skalet JH, Pugh EN, Pierce EA. PMID: 14507858; PMCID: PMC1904498.
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    83. Delivery of adeno-associated virus vectors to the fetal retina: impact of viral capsid proteins on retinal neuronal progenitor transduction. J Virol. 2003 Jul; 77(14):7957-63. Surace EM, Auricchio A, Reich SJ, Rex T, Glover E, Pineles S, Tang W, O'Connor E, Lyubarsky A, Savchenko A, Pugh EN, Maguire AM, Wilson JM, Bennett J. PMID: 12829835; PMCID: PMC161923.
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    84. Display of polarization information by coherently moving dots. Opt Express. 2003 Jun 30; 11(13):1577-84. Yemelyanov K, Lo M, Pugh E, Engheta N. PMID: 19466033.
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    85. Connexin36 forms synapses essential for night vision. Neuron. 2002 Nov 14; 36(4):551-3. Demb JB, Pugh EN. PMID: 12441044.
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    86. Massive light-driven translocation of transducin between the two major compartments of rod cells: a novel mechanism of light adaptation. Neuron. 2002 Mar 28; 34(1):95-106. Sokolov M, Lyubarsky AL, Strissel KJ, Savchenko AB, Govardovskii VI, Pugh EN, Arshavsky VY. PMID: 11931744.
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    87. Functionally rodless mice: transgenic models for the investigation of cone function in retinal disease and therapy. Vision Res. 2002 Feb; 42(4):401-15. Lyubarsky AL, Lem J, Chen J, Falsini B, Iannaccone A, Pugh EN. PMID: 11853756.
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    88. G proteins and phototransduction. Annu Rev Physiol. 2002; 64:153-87. Arshavsky VY, Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 11826267.
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    89. A photoreceptor-specific cadherin is essential for the structural integrity of the outer segment and for photoreceptor survival. Neuron. 2001 Dec 06; 32(5):775-86. Rattner A, Smallwood PM, Williams J, Cooke C, Savchenko A, Lyubarsky A, Pugh EN, Nathans J. PMID: 11738025.
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    90. Rods are rods and cones cones, and (never) the twain shall meet. Neuron. 2001 Nov 08; 32(3):375-6. Pugh EN. PMID: 11709146.
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    91. RGS9-1 is required for normal inactivation of mouse cone phototransduction. Mol Vis. 2001 Mar 20; 7:71-8. Lyubarsky AL, Naarendorp F, Zhang X, Wensel T, Simon MI, Pugh EN. PMID: 11262419.
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    92. The light response of ON bipolar neurons requires G[alpha]o. J Neurosci. 2000 Dec 15; 20(24):9053-8. Dhingra A, Lyubarsky A, Jiang M, Pugh EN, Birnbaumer L, Sterling P, Vardi N. PMID: 11124982; PMCID: PMC6773027.
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    93. Phototransduction in transgenic mice after targeted deletion of the rod transducin alpha -subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 12 05; 97(25):13913-8. Calvert PD, Krasnoperova NV, Lyubarsky AL, Isayama T, Nicoló M, Kosaras B, Wong G, Gannon KS, Margolskee RF, Sidman RL, Pugh EN, Makino CL, Lem J. PMID: 11095744; PMCID: PMC17675.
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    94. The role of steady phosphodiesterase activity in the kinetics and sensitivity of the light-adapted salamander rod photoresponse. J Gen Physiol. 2000 Dec; 116(6):795-824. Nikonov S, Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 11099349; PMCID: PMC2231811.
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    95. The gain of rod phototransduction: reconciliation of biochemical and electrophysiological measurements. Neuron. 2000 Sep; 27(3):525-37. Leskov IB, Klenchin VA, Handy JW, Whitlock GG, Govardovskii VI, Bownds MD, Lamb TD, Pugh EN, Arshavsky VY. PMID: 11055435.
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    96. Transfected cyclic nucleotide-gated channels as biosensors. J Gen Physiol. 2000 Aug; 116(2):143-5. Pugh EN. PMID: 10919862; PMCID: PMC2229490.
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    97. Mice lacking G-protein receptor kinase 1 have profoundly slowed recovery of cone-driven retinal responses. J Neurosci. 2000 Mar 15; 20(6):2209-17. Lyubarsky AL, Chen C, Simon MI, Pugh EN. PMID: 10704496; PMCID: PMC6772503.
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    98. Molecular mechanisms of vertebrate photoreceptor light adaptation. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1999 Aug; 9(4):410-8. Pugh EN, Nikonov S, Lamb TD. PMID: 10448166.
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    99. Variability in single photon responses: a cut in the Gordian knot of rod phototransduction? Neuron. 1999 Jun; 23(2):205-8. Pugh EN. PMID: 10399927.
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    100. UV- and midwave-sensitive cone-driven retinal responses of the mouse: a possible phenotype for coexpression of cone photopigments. J Neurosci. 1999 Jan 01; 19(1):442-55. Lyubarsky AL, Falsini B, Pennesi ME, Valentini P, Pugh EN. PMID: 9870972; PMCID: PMC6782392.
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    101. Extreme responsiveness of the pupil of the dark-adapted mouse to steady retinal illumination. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998 Oct; 39(11):2148-56. Pennesi ME, Lyubarsky AL, Pugh EN. PMID: 9761294.
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    102. Kinetics of recovery of the dark-adapted salamander rod photoresponse. J Gen Physiol. 1998 Jan; 111(1):7-37. Nikonov S, Engheta N, Pugh EN. PMID: 9417132; PMCID: PMC1887775.
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    103. Lifetime regulation of G protein-effector complex: emerging importance of RGS proteins. Neuron. 1998 Jan; 20(1):11-4. Arshavsky VY, Pugh EN. PMID: 9459437.
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    104. Photoreceptor guanylate cyclases: a review. Biosci Rep. 1997 Oct; 17(5):429-73. Pugh EN, Duda T, Sitaramayya A, Sharma RK. PMID: 9419388.
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    105. Rod plateaux during dark adaptation in Sorsby's fundus dystrophy and vitamin A deficiency. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997 Aug; 38(9):1786-94. Cideciyan AV, Pugh EN, Lamb TD, Huang Y, Jacobson SG. PMID: 9286267.
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    106. Olfactory adaptation. The nose leads the eye. Nature. 1997 Feb 20; 385(6618):677, 679. Gold GH, Pugh EN. PMID: 9034182.
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    107. Phospholipase C beta 4 is involved in modulating the visual response in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Dec 10; 93(25):14598-601. Jiang H, Lyubarsky A, Dodd R, Vardi N, Pugh E, Baylor D, Simon MI, Wu D. PMID: 8962098; PMCID: PMC26179.
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    108. Target detection in optically scattering media by polarization-difference imaging. Appl Opt. 1996 Apr 10; 35(11):1855-70. Tyo JS, Rowe MP, Pugh EN, Engheta N. PMID: 21085310.
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    109. Monogeusia for fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose. Percept Psychophys. 1996 Apr; 58(3):327-41. Breslin PA, Beauchamp GK, Pugh EN. PMID: 8935894.
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    110. Cooperativity in cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels. J Gen Physiol. 1996 Feb; 107(2):165-7. Pugh EN. PMID: 8833338; PMCID: PMC2219271.
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    111. Recovery phase of the murine rod photoresponse reconstructed from electroretinographic recordings. J Neurosci. 1996 Jan 15; 16(2):563-71. Lyubarsky AL, Pugh EN. PMID: 8551340; PMCID: PMC6578659.
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    112. The kinetics of inactivation of the rod phototransduction cascade with constant Ca2+i. J Gen Physiol. 1996 Jan; 107(1):19-34. Lyubarsky A, Nikonov S, Pugh EN. PMID: 8741728; PMCID: PMC2219253.
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    113. The effect of light history on the aspartate-isolated fast-PIII responses of the albino rat retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 Jan; 37(1):221-9. Reiser MA, Williams TP, Pugh EN. PMID: 8550327.
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    114. Every extracontractual referral is a jewel. BMJ. 1995 Sep 23; 311(7008):809-10. Pugh E, Williams D. PMID: 7580462; PMCID: PMC2550811.
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    115. Polarization-difference imaging: a biologically inspired technique for observation through scattering media. Opt Lett. 1995 Mar 15; 20(6):608-10. Rowe MP, Pugh EN, Tyo JS, Engheta N. PMID: 19859271.
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    116. Rod outer segment structure influences the apparent kinetic parameters of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. J Gen Physiol. 1994 Jun; 103(6):1071-98. Dumke CL, Arshavsky VY, Calvert PD, Bownds MD, Pugh EN. PMID: 7931138; PMCID: PMC2216889.
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    117. Analysis of ERG a-wave amplification and kinetics in terms of the G-protein cascade of phototransduction. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994 Jan; 35(1):295-309. Breton ME, Schueller AW, Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 8300357.
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    118. Graded-index model of a fish double cone exhibits differential polarization sensitivity. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 1994 Jan; 11(1):55-70. Rowe MP, Engheta N, Easter SS, Pugh EN. PMID: 8106915.
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    119. Diffusion coefficient of cyclic GMP in salamander rod outer segments estimated with two fluorescent probes. Biophys J. 1993 Sep; 65(3):1335-52. Olson A, Pugh EN. PMID: 8241412; PMCID: PMC1225852.
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    120. Strange case of the third eye. Nature. 1993 Jul 29; 364(6436):389-90. Pugh EN, Lisman J, Payne R. PMID: 8332207.
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    121. Amplification and kinetics of the activation steps in phototransduction. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Mar 01; 1141(2-3):111-49. Pugh EN, Lamb TD. PMID: 8382952.
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    122. Monochromatism determined at a long-wavelength/middle-wavelength cone-antagonistic locus. Vision Res. 1992 Dec; 32(12):2349-67. Calkins DJ, Thornton JE, Pugh EN. PMID: 1288011.
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    123. G-protein cascades: gain and kinetics. Trends Neurosci. 1992 Aug; 15(8):291-8. Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 1384198.
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    124. A quantitative account of the activation steps involved in phototransduction in amphibian photoreceptors. J Physiol. 1992 Apr; 449:719-58. Lamb TD, Pugh EN. PMID: 1326052; PMCID: PMC1176104.
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    125. Double cones as a basis for a new type of polarization vision in vertebrates. Nature. 1991 Sep 12; 353(6340):161-4. Cameron DA, Pugh EN. PMID: 1891046.
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    126. The magnitude, time course and spatial distribution of current induced in salamander rods by cyclic guanine nucleotides. J Physiol. 1990 Nov; 430:419-39. Cameron DA, Pugh EN. PMID: 1964967; PMCID: PMC1181745.
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    127. Cyclic GMP and calcium: the internal messengers of excitation and adaptation in vertebrate photoreceptors. Vision Res. 1990; 30(12):1923-48. Pugh EN, Lamb TD. PMID: 1962979.
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    128. Calcium inhibition of ATP-dependent inactivation of rod disk phosphodiesterase in isolated rods and membrane suspensions. Neurosci Res Suppl. 1990; 12:S183-90. Pugh EN, Cobbs WH, Barkdoll AE. PMID: 2243635.
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    129. Calcium dependence of the activation and inactivation kinetics of the light-activated phosphodiesterase of retinal rods. J Gen Physiol. 1989 Jun; 93(6):1091-108. Barkdoll AE, Pugh EN, Sitaramayya A. PMID: 2549175; PMCID: PMC2216249.
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    130. Phototransduction. A role for calcium in adaptation. Nature. 1988 Jul 07; 334(6177):16-7. Pugh E, Altman J. PMID: 2455232.
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    131. Kinetics of the hydrolysis of 8-bromo-cyclic GMP by the light-activated phosphodiesterase of toad rods. J Neurochem. 1988 Mar; 50(3):839-46. Barkdoll AE, Pugh EN, Sitaramayya A. PMID: 2828548.
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    132. Kinetics and components of the flash photocurrent of isolated retinal rods of the larval salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum. J Physiol. 1987 Dec; 394:529-72. Cobbs WH, Pugh EN. PMID: 2832596; PMCID: PMC1191975.
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    133. The nature and identity of the internal excitational transmitter of vertebrate phototransduction. Annu Rev Physiol. 1987; 49:715-41. Pugh EN. PMID: 3032080.
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    134. Special topic: phototransduction in vertebrates. General introduction. Annu Rev Physiol. 1987; 49:711-4. Pugh EN, Miller WH. PMID: 3566215.
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    135. Visual transduction in vertebrate rods and cones: a tale of two transmitters, calcium and cyclic GMP. Vision Res. 1986; 26(10):1613-43. Pugh EN, Cobbs WH. PMID: 2441524.
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    136. The pi mechanisms of W S Stiles: an historical review. Perception. 1986; 15(6):705-28. Pugh EN, Kirk DB. PMID: 3309877.
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    137. Cyclic GMP increases photocurrent and light sensitivity of retinal cones. Nature. 1985 Sep 5-11; 317(6032):64-6. Cobbs WH, Barkdoll AE, Pugh EN. PMID: 2993915.
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    138. Cyclic GMP can increase rod outer-segment light-sensitive current 10-fold without delay of excitation. Nature. 1985 Feb 14-20; 313(6003):585-7. Cobbs WH, Pugh EN. PMID: 2982108.
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    139. Cone antagonism along visual pathways of red/green dichromats. Vision Res. 1985; 25(11):1647-54. Friedman LJ, Thornton JE, Pugh EN. PMID: 3879568.
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    140. Protons suppress the dark current of frog retinal rods. J Physiol. 1984 Feb; 347:85-110. Liebman PA, Mueller P, Pugh EN. PMID: 6608584; PMCID: PMC1199436.
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    141. Temporal integration of the pi 1/pi 3 pathway in normal and dichromatic vision. Vision Res. 1984; 24(7):743-50. Friedman LJ, Yim MH, Pugh EN. PMID: 6331680.
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    142. Protons block the dark current of isolated retinal rods. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Apr; 80(7):1892-6. Mueller P, Pugh EN. PMID: 6300877; PMCID: PMC393716.
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    143. Red/Green color opponency at detection threshold. Science. 1983 Jan 14; 219(4581):191-3. Thornton JE, Pugh EN. PMID: 6849131.
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    144. Gain, speed and sensitivity of GTP binding vs PDE activation in visual excitation. Vision Res. 1982; 22(12):1475-80. Liebman PA, Pugh EN. PMID: 6305023.
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    145. ATP mediates rapid reversal of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activation in visual receptor membranes. Nature. 1980 Oct 23; 287(5784):734-6. Liebman PA, Pugh EN. PMID: 6107856.
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    146. A field-additive pathway detects brief-duration, long-wavelength incremental flashes. Vision Res. 1980; 20(7):613-24. Wandell BA, Pugh EN. PMID: 7434596.
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    147. Test of the identity of the site of blue/yellow hue cancellation and the site of chromatic antagonism in the pi 1 pathway. Vision Res. 1980; 20(9):779-88. Pugh EN, Larimer J. PMID: 7456339.
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    148. Detection of long-duration, long-wavelength incremental flashes by a chromatically coded pathway. Vision Res. 1980; 20(7):625-36. Wandell BA, Pugh EN. PMID: 7434597.
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    149. Stiles's II5 color mechanism: tests of field displacement and field additivity properties. J Opt Soc Am. 1980 Jan; 70(1):71-81. Sigel C, Pugh EN. PMID: 7411265.
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    150. A theory of the pi1 and pi3 color mechanisms of Stiles. Vision Res. 1979; 19(3):293-312. Pugh EN, Mollon JD. PMID: 444331.
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    151. The control of phosphodiesterase in rod disk membranes: kinetics, possible mechanisms and significance for vision. Vision Res. 1979; 19(4):375-80. Liebman PA, Pugh EN. PMID: 224596.
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    152. Evaluation of the candidacy of the pi-mechanisms of Stiles for color-matching fundamentals. Vision Res. 1978; 18(3):317-30. Pugh EN, Sigel C. PMID: 664305.
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    153. The dynamics of the pi 1 colour mechanism: further evidence for two sites of adaptation. J Physiol. 1977 Nov; 272(2):247-81. Augenstein EJ, Pugh EN. PMID: 592192; PMCID: PMC1353557.
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    154. Variation in the action spectrum of erythrolabe among deuteranopes. J Physiol. 1977 Apr; 266(3):613-46. Alpern M, Pugh EN. PMID: 301186; PMCID: PMC1283583.
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    156. Altered ocular pigments, photostable and labile: two causes of deuteranomalous trichromacy. Mod Probl Ophthalmol. 1976; 17:273-91. Alpern M, Bastian B, Pugh EN, Gras W. PMID: 1085880.
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    157. Rushton's paradox: rod dark adaptation after flash photolysis. J Physiol. 1975 Jun; 248(2):413-31. Pugh EN. PMID: 1151791; PMCID: PMC1309530.
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    158. Rhodopsin flash photolysis in man. J Physiol. 1975 Jun; 248(2):393-412. Pugh EN. PMID: 1151790; PMCID: PMC1309529.
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    159. The density and photosensitivity of human rhodopsin in the living retina. J Physiol. 1974 Mar; 237(2):341-70. Alpern M, Pugh EN. PMID: 4825455; PMCID: PMC1350887.
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    160. Fatty acid oxidation in embryonic chick tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Sep 01; 239(3):376-83. Pugh E, Sidbury JB. PMID: 5113500.
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